Confederate War Prison - Illinois
The Alton prison opened in 1833 as the first Illinois State
Penitentiary and was closed in 1860, when the last prisoners were
moved to a new facility at Joliet. By late in 1861 an urgent need
arose to relieve the overcrowding at 2 St. Louis prisons. On
December 31, 1861, Major General Henry Halleck, Commander of the
Department of the Missouri, ordered Lieutenant-Colonel James B.
McPherson to Alton for an inspection of the closed penitentiary.
Colonel McPherson reported that the prison could be made into a
military prison and house up to 1,750 prisoners with improvements
estimated to cost $2,415.
The
Joliet, Illinois Prison Convict Register
The Joliet Correctional Center is the oldest of Illinois' four
maximum security facilities. Thirty-three inmates were first
received at Joliet in May 1858. Joliet Correctional Center was built
partly due to the overcrowding of the prison at Alton the state s
first prison, which closed in 1860. In December 1872, Joliet had an
inmate population of 1,239 making it the largest prison in the
United States, a distinction it held for several decades. Joliet s
role as a maximum security facility has changed and evolved over the
years, resulting in the modern facility that exits today.
The Illinois State Archives holds the REGISTERS OF PRISONERS 243.200
in their possession. You can request copies of this register by
writing to the State Archives. Be sure to include the section of the
Archive descriptive holdings that contains the record you are
looking for. We would appreciate donations of this material, should
you write and request copies. (Just a note: those at the state
archives have been extremely helpful, courteous and prompt with all
the questions and requests I have sent in the past. Since
instituting their online submission record request form, I'm sure
they are very busy. Please be patient...they WILL get to your
request.)